Literature Archives

While EBUS-TMC (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.39) and EBUS-IFB may improve diagnostic yield over standard EBUS-TBNA—particularly in benign disease, sarcoidosis, and lymphoma—wide predictive intervals crossing unity mean these findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant caution in routine IP practice.

In clinically stable patients with adequate drainage and close supervision, a prolonged air leak in active cavitary tuberculosis can be managed conservatively rather than by duration alone, with the air leak ultimately resolving 61 days after hospital discharge.

Lung ultrasound proficiency is increasingly relevant for interventional pulmonologists managing pleural and parenchymal disease at the bedside.

Simultaneous sampling of multiple pulmonary nodules during one anesthesia event is feasible and safe, achieving a strict per-nodule diagnostic yield of 71.5% while providing adequate cellularity for next-generation sequencing in 82.6% of non-small cell lung cancer nodules.

The use of ultrasound to guide percutaneous thoracic procedures shows higher success and lower complication rates in the reviewed evidence, helping to improve safety, effectiveness, and reduce healthcare costs.

Clinicians should consider competing ventilatory limitations such as severe eosinophilic asthma when hypoxemia worsens despite successful hemodynamic improvement following balloon pulmonary angioplasty in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients.

Simple aspiration should remain prioritized over chest tube drainage in clinical management, as it showed a significantly lower adverse effect occurrence (OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.61, p = 0.004) and shorter hospitalization without a difference in immediate success.

Optimizing screening criteria will likely increase the volume of screen-detected nodules requiring IP diagnostic intervention.

Nearly one in ten patients undergoing bronchoscopic lung volume reduction are readmitted within thirty days, predominantly for respiratory issues like pneumothorax and COPD exacerbation. Clinicians should implement structured peri-discharge pathways targeting patients with index pneumothorax, which independently predicted readmission (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.12-2.56), and those with a length of stay of six days or more.

Adding cautery-assisted transbronchial forceps biopsy significantly improved patient-level diagnostic yield compared to standard EBUS-TBNA alone (85.7% vs. 21.4%, P < 0.001) without severe complications, though larger multicenter studies are still needed to confirm these findings.

Identifies a specific patient phenotype (low BMI COPD) that may be at higher risk for mucus plugging, potentially requiring more aggressive airway clearance or bronchoscopic intervention.

Robotic bronchoscopy enhances diagnostic yield for peripheral lung lesions by providing superior visualization of distal airway architecture.